Afghanistan is a country of traditions and tribal customs. Many Afghans, especially those living in the rural areas, are against women participation in social activities including politics, even opposing education for girls. Since the fall of the Taliban regime, Afghan women's rights have expanded significantly there is no doubt about that. Now under the constitution, gender equality is protected and women are free to seek education and work. Today we have women serving in different positions in the government, ranging from ministers to police officers. There are also many women running their own businesses and millions of girls are back in school. Moreover, rape has been criminalized for the first time under the Elimination of Violence against Women Decree (EVAW). There are a lot of achievements that we are proud of, but unfortunately these gains are not sustainable and they are still contested every day. There is no clear idea of what will happen to women's rights after 2014, as it is still unclear who will form the next government and whether the national security forces will be able to protect the country. Everyday women become more and more scared and concerned because not only are the troops withdrawing, but also the funds are diminishing, leading to a lack of jobs which has given them a way to some sort of economic liberation. The situation is very complicated and Afghan women are not only concerned over a possible return of the Taliban and the growth of conservatism in society. They are also worried about the lack of rule of law, good governance and economic opportunities in the country. We are not that hopeful of continuing our achievements. Our achievements have only been possible with the support from international community. We now want it to intervene and pressurize the Afghan government to ensure Kabul's commitment to international law and conventions. If the international community sets conditions and continues to explicitly defend the equal rights of women, it will be like a dream coming true for Afghan civil society. As Afghan government doesn’t look so much serious about ensuring safety of women rights. However, in January, a provision in Afghanistan's draft criminal procedure code became the latest in a series of attempts to roll back the already fragile legal protections for women and girls. Besieged by pleas from Afghan activists and a growing number of donor countries not to sign the draft criminal procedure code into law without further amendments, Mr Karzai paused. Another concern is that most of the international donors are planning to spend 80% of their funds through the Afghan government. This is worrisome, because the Afghan national priority program is not covering all of the issues the civil society is working on, especially women's rights. Signs are showing up everywhere that a rollback of women’s rights has begun. The Afghanistan Independent Human Rights Commission reported in January that violent crimes against women reached record levels last year, rising 24% over 2012. Afghanistan is still a deeply conservative Islamic country where some village girls as young as 9 or 10 are forced to marry older men, and some women’s groups estimate that at least half of all marriages violate the Afghan legal marriage age of 16. Some women and girls who flee arranged marriages are hunted down by their fathers and brothers, beaten and sometimes killed. The practice of baad, or giving away a young woman as payment to settle debts or atone for family crimes, is illegal but still prevalent in rural areas. Today, 3 million girls attend school, but that’s still only 40% of all school-age girls. Because of family or economic pressures forcing girls to work or marry, the dropout rate for girls remains much higher than for boys. Taliban extremists in remote districts still throw acid in the faces of schoolgirls, burn down girls’ schools and attack female polio vaccination workers. Across the country, extremists have become increasingly vocal in their efforts to roll back hard-fought gains for women and girls following the Taliban's removal from power. This all shows that a lot of things still have to be done on women rights front which are still in infancy state in Afghan society. It is indicated by the fact that while 85% of Afghan women experience some kind of abuse in their lifetime. A good step in the right direction would be congressional passage of the International Violence Against Women Act and the Women, Peace, and Security Act. Both bills are bipartisan, and both would encourage greater participation by women through amplifying their voices in the political and diplomatic process. No single step will stop a backslide to the days of Taliban rule. But, now more than ever, we must commit to the future of Afghanistan's women and girls. Women are an essential part of the peace process and are key to the continued redevelopment of Afghan society. We must continue to help amplify that voice and support their central role. (Author is a Doctor and currently practices in Sydney, Australia. She belongs from Kabul Afghanistan can be contacted at: drfloafghan@gmail.com)